Geek Out akan Tech don ƙaddamar da Cajin Motar Lantarki na Smart

Shin manajojin kantin saukakawa suna buƙatar zama ƙwararrun ƙwararrun makamashi don dacewa da yanayin haɓakar abin hawa lantarki (EV) cikin sauri?Ba lallai ba ne, amma za su iya yin ƙarin bayani dalla-dalla ta hanyar fahimtar ɓangaren fasaha na ma'auni.
Anan akwai wasu sauye-sauye don ci gaba da sa ido a kai, koda kuwa aikin ku na yau da kullun ya shafi tsarin lissafin kuɗi da dabarun kasuwanci fiye da injiniyan lantarki ko sarrafa hanyar sadarwa.
'Yan majalisar a bara sun amince da dala biliyan 7.5 don gina hanyar sadarwa na caja motocin jama'a 500,000, amma suna son kudaden su tafi ne kawai ga manyan caja na DC.
Yi watsi da sifa kamar "super-sauri" ko "mai saurin walƙiya" a cikin tallan cajar DC.Yayin da ake ci gaba da samun tallafin tarayya, nemi kayan aikin Tier 3 waɗanda suka dace da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun da aka zayyana a cikin shirin ƙirar motocin lantarki na ƙasa (NEVI).Aƙalla ga caja motar fasinja, wannan yana nufin tsakanin 150 zuwa 350 kW kowace tasha.
A nan gaba, ana iya amfani da ƙananan caja na DC a cikin kantuna ko gidajen cin abinci inda matsakaicin abokin ciniki ke ciyarwa ya wuce mintuna 25.Shagunan saukakawa masu girma da sauri suna buƙatar kayan aiki waɗanda suka dace da ƙa'idodin ƙirar NEVI.
Ƙarin buƙatun da suka danganci shigarwa, kulawa da aiki na caja suma wani ɓangare ne na hoto gaba ɗaya.Dillalan FMCG na iya tuntubar lauyoyi da injiniyoyin lantarki don nemo mafi kyawun hanyar cin nasarar tallafin cajin EV.Injiniyoyi kuma za su iya tattauna cikakkun bayanai na fasaha waɗanda ke tasiri sosai ga saurin caji, kamar ko na'urar ta tsaya cik ko tsaga.
Gwamnatin Amurka dai tana son motocin da ke amfani da wutar lantarki su zama rabin sabbin motocin da aka sayar nan da shekara ta 2030, amma cimma wannan buri na iya bukatar adadin cajar motocin jama'a da aka kiyasta har sau 20 a halin yanzu, ko kuma a wani kiyasin kusan miliyan 3.2.
Ina za a saka duk waɗannan caja?Na farko, gwamnati na son ganin aƙalla caja huɗu na mataki na 3 a kowane mil 50 ko makamancin haka tare da manyan hanyoyin sufuri na Tsarin Babbar Hanya.Zagayen farko na kudade na caja motocin lantarki ya mayar da hankali kan wannan manufa.Hanyoyi na biyu zasu bayyana daga baya.
Cibiyoyin C na iya amfani da shirin tarayya don yanke shawarar inda za'a buɗe ko sabunta shaguna tare da shirin cajin abin hawa na lantarki.Duk da haka, wani muhimmin al'amari shine isasshiyar ƙarfin cibiyar sadarwar gida.
Yin amfani da daidaitaccen wurin lantarki a cikin garejin gida, caja Level 1 na iya cajin abin hawan lantarki cikin sa'o'i 20 zuwa 30.Mataki na 2 yana amfani da haɗi mai ƙarfi kuma yana iya cajin motar lantarki cikin sa'o'i 4 zuwa 10.Mataki na 3 na iya cajin motar fasinja a cikin mintuna 20 ko 30, amma caji mai sauri yana buƙatar ƙarin iko.(Af, idan sabon tsari na farawar fasaha ya sami hanyarsu, Tier 3 zai iya tafiya da sauri; an riga an yi iƙirarin mintuna 10 akan caji ɗaya ta amfani da tsarin tushen tashi.)
Ga kowane matakin caja na Mataki na 3 a cikin shago mai dacewa, buƙatun wuta na iya ƙaruwa da sauri.Wannan gaskiya ne musamman idan kuna loda babbar motar ɗaukar kaya.Ana ba da sabis ta hanyar caja masu sauri na 600 kW zuwa sama, suna da ƙarfin baturi daga awanni 500 kilowatt (kWh) zuwa awa 1 megawatt (MWh).Idan aka kwatanta, yana ɗaukar matsakaicin gidan Amurka gabaɗayan wata ɗaya don cinye kusan 890 kW na wutar lantarki.
Duk wannan yana nufin kantin sayar da motoci masu dacewa da wutar lantarki za su yi tasiri sosai a kan sarkar gida.Abin farin ciki, akwai hanyoyi don rage yawan amfani da waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon.Ana iya tsara caja masu sauri don canzawa zuwa yanayin raba wutar lantarki lokacin da matakan cajin tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa suka ƙaru.Bari mu ce kuna da tashar caji tare da iyakar ƙarfin 350 kW, lokacin da mota ta biyu ko ta uku ta haɗu zuwa wasu tashoshin caji a cikin wannan filin ajiye motoci, nauyin da ke kan dukkan tashoshin caji ya ragu.
Manufar ita ce rarrabawa da daidaita yawan wutar lantarki.Amma bisa ga ka'idodin tarayya, matakin 3 dole ne ya samar da akalla 150 kW na wutar lantarki, koda lokacin rarraba wutar lantarki.Don haka lokacin da tashoshi 10 na caji a lokaci guda suna cajin motar lantarki, jimillar ƙarfin har yanzu 1,500 kW - babban nauyin lantarki don wuri ɗaya, amma ƙasa da buƙata akan grid fiye da duk tashoshin caji da ke gudana a cikakke 350 kW.
Kamar yadda shagunan tafi-da-gidanka ke aiwatar da caji cikin sauri, za su buƙaci yin aiki tare da gundumomi, kayan aiki, injiniyoyin lantarki da sauran masana don tantance abin da zai yiwu a cikin ƙaƙƙarfan hanyoyin sadarwa.Shigar da caja na matakin 3 na iya aiki akan wasu shafuka, amma ba takwas ko 10 ba.
Samar da ƙwarewar fasaha na iya taimaka wa masu siyarwa su zaɓi masana'antun kayan aikin caji na EV, haɓaka tsare-tsaren rukunin yanar gizo, da ƙaddamar da tayin amfani.
Abin takaici, yana iya zama da wahala a ƙayyade ƙarfin cibiyar sadarwa saboda yawancin abubuwan amfani ba sa bayar da rahotonsa a bainar jama'a lokacin da wani tashar tashar ta kusa yin lodi.Bayan an yi amfani da c-store, mai amfani zai gudanar da bincike na musamman game da dangantakar, sannan ya samar da sakamakon.
Da zarar an amince da su, dillalan dillalai na iya buƙatar ƙara sabon 480 volt mai hawa 3 don tallafawa caja Tier 3.Yana iya zama mai tasiri ga sabbin kantuna don samun sabis na haɗakarwa inda wutar lantarki ke hidimar benaye 3 sannan ta danna don hidimar ginin maimakon ayyuka daban-daban guda biyu.
A ƙarshe, dillalai yakamata su tsara yanayin yadda ake ɗaukar motocin lantarki da yawa.Idan kamfani ya yi imanin cewa caja biyu da aka tsara don sanannen rukunin yanar gizo na iya girma zuwa 10 wata rana, yana iya zama mafi arha don sanya ƙarin famfo a yanzu fiye da tsaftace layin daga baya.
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, masu yanke shawarar kantin sayar da kayayyaki sun sami ƙwarewa sosai a fannin tattalin arziki, dabaru da fasaha na kasuwancin mai.Waƙoƙin layi ɗaya a yau na iya zama babbar hanya don doke gasar a tseren motocin lantarki.
Scott West babban injiniyan injiniya ne, ƙwararren ingantaccen makamashi, kuma mai zanen jagora a HFA a Fort Worth, Texas, inda yake aiki tare da dillalai da yawa akan ayyukan cajin EV.Ana iya tuntubar shi a [email protected].
Bayanin Edita: Wannan shafi yana wakiltar ra'ayin marubucin ne kawai, ba ra'ayin ma'ajiyar labarai ba.